Informatics Publishing Limited

A. Latha ¹, K. Vijaya Kumar Reddy ¹, J. Chandra Sekhara Rao ², A. V. Sita Rama Raju ¹

Affiliations
1 JNTUH College of Engineering, Hyderabad-500 085, IN
2 Infotech Enterprises Ltd., Hyderabad,500 081, IN

Abstract

The absence of mechanical moving parts, simplicity and robustness of loop heat pipes (LHPs) has prompted many satellite manufacturers to employ LHPs as primary thermal control systems. The acknowledgement of temperature dynamics of LHP plays a vital role in conception, optimization and control of the same. The overall thermal conductance varies not only with the power input, sink temperature and ambient conditions, but also with the previous history of its operation. In this connection, the present work is focused on a different approach for modeling LHPs. Experimental data for a vertical loop heat pipe made of copper, with two different working fluids, viz., water and ethanol for a range of heat inputs and fill ratios is collected from the literature. An artificial neural network (ANN) is trained with the collected test data and validated. Fully connected feed forward multilayer configuration (MLFFN) with momentum back propagation algorithm is adopted for the ANN. The MLFFN architecture consists of two input nodes representing the parameters heat input and fill ratio, and a single output node representing the thermal resistance of the LHP. The MLFFN predictions were validated within the domain of total available experimental data. This study also emphasizes that the understanding of the physical phenomena of LHP to be modeled by ANN is a prerequisite for getting acceptable results. As there is a serious limitation of conventional techniques for understanding the LHP physical phenomena and thermal behaviour, ANN approach appears to be very promising, if sufficient experimental data is available covering the entire range of system operation.

Keywords

Loop Heat Pipes, Artificial Neural Network, Modelling

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T. Srinivas Reddy ¹, K. Vijaya Kumar Reddy ²

Affiliations
1 Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad-500 085, A.P, IN
2 Dept. of Mechanical Engg., Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad- 500 085, A.P., IN

Abstract

Space Launch Vehicles are subjected to rigor dynamic environment during lift-off and ascent phase of launch. The intense sound generated by the rocket propulsion system exerts significant acoustic pressure which induces vibrations. In addition, intense vibrations are generated by space propulsion engine ignitions, shut downs, sudden transient shocks generated by solid rocket motors and separation of stages. The vibration testing poses a challenge to design and realize good vibration test fixture. Launch vehicles have to undergo vibration testing prior to launch for its design qualification and flight acceptance. Vibration testing requires a fixture to interface the specimen and vibration generating equipment. This paper briefly describes the design criticalities, analysis and material considerations and structural dynamic modifications to ensure good vibration environment simulation to launch vehicle structures.

Keywords

Space Launch Vehicle, Vibration Testing, Test Fixture, Acoustic Pressure, Resonance

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M. L. S. Deva Kumar ¹, K. Vijaya Kumar Reddy ²

Affiliations
1 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, J.N.T.U. College of Engineering, Anantapur – 515002, A.P., IN
2 2.Department of Mechanical Engineering, J.N.T.U. College of Engineering, Hyderabad – 500085, A.P., IN

Abstract

In the present scenario of energy crisis, emission reduction and carbon trading for clean environment, usage of biomass as alternate energy source for power generation have become ubiquitous. In this work an attempt is made to study the variation in performance of a bio-mass based power plant while using different biomass as fuel. The experiments have been carried out on 6 MW power plant consisting of a boiler with capacity of 28,000 kg/h and a turbine unit with 6000 kW power rating runs on Rankine cycle. The suitability of different biomass sources as fuel for the power plant has been tested. The plant performance is compared while using different bio-mass as fuel. The results show that among tested biomass sources viz., subabul wood with bark, tumma Japan wood, eucalyptus bark, subabul bark, casurina ischolar_main and coal (grade-E), the tumma Japan wood is giving high overall efficiency.

Keywords

Biomass, Power Generation, Alternate Energy, Fuel, Power Plant

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M. L. S. Deva Kumar ¹, K. Vijaya Kumar Reddy ²

Affiliations
1 JNTUA College of Engg. Annatpur-515002
2 JNTUH College of Engg., Hyderabad-500 085, AP, IN

Abstract

An attempt is made to compare usage of different biomass to generate producer gas and then to study the performance and emissions from a dual fuel engine run on diesel and producer gas from different biomass. The experiments are conducted at different fuel injection pressures. The open top, down draft gasification system is used to generate producer gas through bio-gasification process. A compression ignition engine was allowed running on fossil diesel (FD), fossil diesel and producer gas (FD+PG) dual fuel mode. In dual fuel mode, the producer gas from different biomass viz., babul wood, mango wood and casuarinas wood used each time during experimentation. The emission levels for each mode were measured. The dual fuel mode was found environmentally benign in terms of emissions; nitrous oxides (NOx) and smoke density (SD) levels are found to be much lower compared to conventional diesel engine exhaust.

Keywords

Dual-fuel Engine, Fossil Diesel (FD), Producer Gas (PG), Emissions

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E. Ramjee ¹, K. Vijaya Kumar Reddy ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, JNTUH College of Engineering, Hyderabad-500 072, IN

Abstract

The research on alternative fuels has become essential due to depletion of petroleum products and its major contribution for pollutants. In the present work, Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) has been introduced as an alternative fuel to overcome the above problems. Of the higher compression ratio, higher octane number, the CNG is used to allow the combustion without knocking. The emission characteristics of HC and CO are better for CNG compared to petrol. In this work experimental investigations have been carried out pertaining to the engine performance and exhaust emissions of a single cylinder 4-stroke air cooled type Bajaj-Kawasaki engine

Keywords

Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), SI Engine, Alternate Fuel,4-stroke, Emission

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K. Sandhya ¹, N. Vijaya Bhaskar Choudary ², D. Pradeep Kumar ², K. Vijaya Kumar Reddy ³

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Mechanical Engg., JNTUH CEH, Kukatpally- 500085, Hyderabad, A.P
2 Madanapalle Institute of Technology, Madanapalle- 517325, A.P, IN
3 Dept. of Mechanical Engg., JNTUH CEH, Kukatpally- 500085, Hyderabad, A.P, IN

Abstract

We work to live, not live to work. When money dominates the modern life, people do not find few hours to spend on their personal life and the new generation that forms the majority part of the Indian working population, ends up with an unbalanced life. But the employee, whichever age group he/she belongs to at any cost, needs to maintain a healthy balance between his job and life. This paper discusses how an individual helps himself and how the organizations can help the individuals to maintain a healthy balance between work life and the personal life.

Keywords

Work Life Balance, Retention, Teaching Faculty, Academic Management, Indian Employee

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R. Manjunatha ¹, P. Badari Narayana ², K. Hema Chandra Reddy ³, K. Vijaya Kumar Reddy ⁴

Affiliations
1 Irrigation Department, GBC Division Guntakal-515801 AP, IN
2 Cybermotion Technologies Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad-500034 AP, IN
3 Academic and Planning, JNT University-Anantapur-515001 AP, IN
4 Deparment of Mechanical Engineering, JNTU College of Engg. Hyderabad-500072 AP, IN

Abstract

Biofuels are environmental friendly and their utilization addresses global concerns about containment of carbon emissions. Biodiesel certification involves analysing these emissions for various biodiesel blends in order to certify&recommend the new fuel to transport sector. Conducting the experiments for emission analysis is tedious and time consuming. Modeling the emissions operated for various biodiesel blends will help biodiesel manufacturers and certification authorities in analysing the possible pollutant levels. Artificial neural networks (ANN) can be used in modelling and prediction of biodiesel emissions operated under varying operating conditions. The objective of this research work is to design a neuro computing model to analyze the complex process of diesel engine emissions formation and estimate exhaust emissions operated with biodiesels under variable operating conditions. Experimental data of a single cylinder four stroke diesel engine run with various biodiesel blends has been used for training the network. During testing phase, emissions are predicted for new biodiesel&its blends. ANN developed is based on radial basis function neural networks (RBFNN). Predictive ability of this neural network is analysed using statistical analysis. The developed model has shown improved coefficient of determination (CoD) values of 0.99, 0.99, 0.96, 0.98 and 0.95 for NO_x, HC, CO, CO₂ and smoke emissions respectively. These results indicate that radial basis function neural networks are superior to the traditional back propagation algorithm based multi layer neural networks in terms of accuracy and efficiency performance. In this work, prediction&emission modelling of diesel engine operated with different biodiesel blends under varying operating conditions is successfully demonstrated. Hence, RBFNN can be used as a powerful virtual sensing technology tool for prediction&modelling of biodiesel emissions.

Keywords

ANN, Biodiesel, Radial Basis Function, Coefficient of Determination, MAPE

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Ch. S. Naga Prasad ¹, K. Vijaya Kumar Reddy ¹, B. S. P. Kumar ¹, E. Ramjee ¹, O. D. Hebbel ², M. C. Nivendgi ²

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Mech. Engg., JNTU College of Engg., Hyderabad-85, IN
2 PDA College of Engg., Gulburga, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Bio-diesel is one of the most promising alternatives for diesel needs. Use of edible oil may create shortage of oil seeds for daily food, which necessitates identification of new kinds of non-edible vegetable oil. With this objective, the present work has focused on the performance of castor non-edible vegetable oil and its blend with diesel on a single cylinder, 4 stroke, naturally aspirated, direct injection, water cooled, eddy current dynamometer Kirloskar Diesel Engine at 1500 rpm for variable loads. Initially, castor neat oil and their blends were chosen. The physical and chemical properties of Castor oil were determined. In general, viscosity of neat vegetable oil is high, which can be reduced through blending with diesel and heating them. The heating temperature of the blends increases with the increase in the percentage of neat oils with diesel ranging from 70°C to 120°C before entering into the combustion chamber. The suitability of neat Castor oil and their blends are evaluated through experimentation. The performance and emission characteristics of engine are determined using Castor neat oil and their blends with diesel. These results are compared to those of pure diesel. These results are again compared to the other results of neat oils and their blends available in the literature for validation. By analyzing the graphs, it was observed that the performance characteristics are reduced and emission characteristics are increased at the rated load compared to those of diesel. This is mainly due to lower calorific value, high viscosity and delayed combustion process. From the critical analysis of graphs, it can be observed that 25% of neat Castor oil mixed with 75% of diesel is the best suited blend for Diesel engine without heating and without any engine modifications. It is concluded that castor non-edible oil can be used as an alternate to diesel, which is of low cost. This usage of neat bio-diesel has a great impact in reducing the dependency of India on oil imports.

Keywords

Castor Oil, Alternate Fuel, Biofuel, Emissions, Non Edible Oils, Performance Characteristics

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J. Suresh Kumar ¹, T. Dharma Raju ², K. Vijaya Kumar Reddy ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, JNTU college of engineering, Hyderabad-500085, IN
2 Dept of Mechanical Engineering, Godavari Institute of Engineering &Technology, Rajahmundry-533294, IN

Abstract

The ever increasing use of composite materials in advanced technology areas like aerospace, automotive, and sports equipments, have prompted to play a prominent role. A theory which can predict accurately the behavior of the composite structure and the failure mechanism is very much essential. In this work an analytical procedure is developed, to investigate the free vibration characteristics of different laminated composite plates based on higher order shear displacement model with zig-zag function. This function improves slope discontinuities at the interfaces of laminated composite plates. The related functions are obtained using the dynamic version of principle of virtual work or Hamilton's principle. The solutions are obtained using Navier's and numerical methods for anti-symmetric cross-ply and angle-ply laminates with a specific type of simply supported boundary conditions SS-1 and SS-2 respectively. In this paper the Numerical results are presented for free vibration of anti-symmetric cross-ply and angle-ply laminated plates. All the solutions presented are close agreement with the theory of elasticity and closed form solutions available in the literature.

Keywords

Vibrational Analysis, Composite Material, Zig-Zag Function

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Kursam Krishna ¹, B. Sudheer Prem Kumar ², K. Vijaya Kumar Reddy ², P. Vijaya Rao ¹, Ravi Gugulothu ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, JNTUH College of Engineering, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500085, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, JNTUH College of Engineering, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, Telanagana, 500085, IN

Abstract

Global energy demand continuously increasing in transportation sector due to development of many advances in technology causes fast depleting fossil fuel consumption while the demand for automobile industry require high efficiency and low fuel consumption. In this view many researchers goal turns towards new method for efficient combustion of fuels. Porous media combustion is one of the viable methods to reduce emissions in the engine cylinder. In porous media combustion thermal efficiency of engine increases with high radiant output, low emissions with high flame speed, and higher power density. This technique has been used for both gaseous and liquid fuels in steady or unsteady state combustion. The review of this paper is still not well known technology to researchers doing with internal combustion engine processes.

Keywords

Combustion, Thermal Efficiency, Flame Speed, Porous Media, Pollution.

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Nadendla Srinivasababu ¹, J. Suresh Kumar ², K. Vijaya Kumar Reddy ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vignan’s Lara Institute of Technology and Science, Vadlamudi -522213, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, INTUH College of Engineering, Hyderabad - 85, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

The healthy environment for leading happy life of biotic community invited the development of green materials. In the present work, a new natural fibre i.e. Palm Fruit Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) is extracted by Hot Water Immersion (HWI) method, and is characterized for its tensile and morphological properties. Palm fruit EFB fibre chemical treatment - 1 (CT - 1) reinforced polyester composites exhibit tensile strength of 27.62 MPa at 7.62% fibre volume fraction whereas untreated fibre reinforced composites show 758.23 MPa tensile modulus at 13.28 % fibre volume fraction. The maximum flexural strength (47.54 MPa), modulus (2.51 GPa) are achieved with the reinforcement of chemically treated fibre in polyester matrix at maximum fibre volume fraction (20.68 %). Increasing trend of impact strength is visualized with the increase in fibre content, and maximum value of 6.45 kJ/m2 is obtained at 24.05 % fibre volume fraction. The dielectric strength of 6 kV/mm is seen at 17.7% fibre volume fraction.

Keywords

Palm Fruit EFB, Hot Water Immersion, Mechanical Properties, Dielectric Strength, Scanning Electron Micrograph.

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